Syllabus

• Sequence Control between Named Blocks
• Scope and Visibility

1. Study of Programming Languages

• History of programming languages
• A few successful/popular programming languages

2. Binding Times: Early and Late Binding

• Various binding times: language specification and implementation times, compile time and run time
• Architecture dependence

3. Major Components of a Program

• Variables, constants, operators and data types
• Statements - I: declarations and assignments
• Statements - II: conditionals and iterations
• Compound statements: named and unnamed blocks

4. Control Structures

• Control within a statement: order of evaluation, operator precedence
• Control between statements: composition, alternation and iteration
• Control between blocks: break, return and stop/exit

5. Sequence Control between Named Blocks

• Call and return: different types of named blocks
• Parameter passing: call by value, call by value-result, call by reference and call by name

6. Scope and Visibility

• Visibility, static and dynamic scope
• Scope rules

7. Runtime Structures

8. Case Study of Programming Languages

• C, Pascal
• C++, Java
• Python